Our role as therapists examining Ampuka (organ ecology) is to identify these restrictions and their anatomical implications. From their organ sites, we can follow lines of tension involvement to come to an understanding of their symptomatic and anatomico-physiological patterns. This helps to understand cause/effect factors and possible postural biases contributing to a given pathology. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Standard methods of evaluating the body were based on Newtonian physics but this model does not fit our upright bipedal movement against gravity. Newtonian physics can measure and calculate the strength of structures and the stresses they become subject to. In the construction of buildings, especially tall structures, gravity plays a big part in their stability. The downward compressive force of gravity holds the structure in place. This works well until you want to add a horizontal structure to the upright one. This horizontal structure adds a shear stress to the building and requires reinforcement. Any additional stresses due to wind or earth tremor complicate the system even further. It’s estimated that if the human frame were constructed according to these rules, the head would be too heavy for the spine to handle. All this before we even begin to move in three-dimensional space. Unfortunately, the body is still reviewed and described in outmoded mechanical anatomical terms. Until the concept of Biotensegrity, the laws describing anatomical movement were according to Newtonian principles. Gravity Creates Stability Shear Stress ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

1 TAI JUTSU – Natural Movement Heritage Hatsumi Sensei began our instruction in Amatsu principles by explaining two important fundamental concepts. He explained that the study of Gairon and Tai Jutsu were connected and vital to our ability to receive his teaching. Without understanding these principles, we could not continue. Gairon is the underpinning or foundation of Amatsu. He describes this essence as sensing the interconnectedness of all things in the universe. Gairon also interprets as seeing the whole picture and its thread in any given situation. “Gaia the Greek goddess of the earth.” “The relationship between the biosphere and Gaia is like that between your body and you. The biosphere is the three dimensional geographic region where living organisms exist. Gaia is the super organism composed of all life tightly coupled with the air, the oceans and the surface locks.” Lovelock, J. GAIA A New look at life on Earth. Precafe PXI

Tai Jutsu is more than just a skill or body movement, it is a feeling, an essence born from nature. He explained to us that without Tai Jutsu (Natural Movement), then nothing would exist in the universe. This applies to weather patterns, water flow, opening of flowers and human development. The Hichi Buko Goshin Jutsu tradition holds the secret of the opening of flowers, the very essence of life on our planet. Victor Schauberger a natural scientist describes it in the following way: “Were water actually what hydrologist deem it to be – a chemically-inert substance-then a long time ago there would already have been no water and no life on this Earth. I regard water as the blood of the Earth. Its internal process, while not identical to that of our blood, is nonetheless very similar. It is this process that gives water its movement. I would compare this inner motion, the origin of all possible physical movement, to that of a blossoming flower bud. As it unfolds, it creates a vortex-like crown of petals, in the centre and at the end of which stands the true secret of motion-life in statu nascendi, in the form of a concentration of movement”. Viktor Schauberger ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Hi Chi Buko Goshin Jutsu The school of the secret of the opening flower. The secret of the opening flower is the interplay of nature’s forces of compression and tension in a state of equilibrium. The expression of the opening of the flower is the bias of the dynamic power of tension from within and the interplay of compression from without, giving form to the flower. In the coming into being as form, the tension inside the flower overcomes the compression of gravity and external force keeping it as a bud. As with all three dimensional form being part of the Kyu Jutsu cycle of 50/50 balance (a concept of balance between insubstantial and substantial form existing as one entity.) Being in form is the footprint of its past and the precursor of its eventual degeneration. This is the Ko/Ku cycle of birth/death creation and destruction of earthly form.

Victor Schauberger a natural scientist in the 1930’s describes this form from a watery origin as our very metamorphis, the coming into being of form. The form that evolves from the metamorphis of water is built from its liquid prestress intelligence. Biological structures come into form from a liquid or water origin with a prestress intelligence to withstand the stresses of compression and tension. As life on earth, this can manifest as life in air with gravity or underwater depending on its ecological circumstances.

This ease of evolvement in nature follows the concept of doing more with less known as “ephemerialisation”. From these origins, any evolvement can be explained through the science now known as Biotensegrity.

Dr. Stephen Levin’s research in Biotensegrity holds the view that the body is a tensegrity truss system with tension members provided by a matrix of connective tissues, ligaments, muscles, blood vessels, nerves and fascia. In this model, the bones are considered as spacers, not weight bearers along with incompressible fluids giving shape and form to a soft tissue entity. In keeping with this theory of the body being a soft tissue continuum, Hatsumi Sensei demonstrated to us the concept of a one point therapeutic protocol. This was possible because of the principle of Gairon utilising the interconnectedness of all the biological structures of our bodies.

“The continuity or global interconnectedness of the living matrix is essential to the understanding of the body and the role of energetics in health and disease”. Oschman, J. Energy Medicine (P232) He taught us that to apply pressure on one point affected all parts and explained that with the body movement “Tai Jutsu” you were able to follow the torsional directions of vulnerable or damaged tissue. He explained that these points of interaction were known as Kyusho, where change at one point had a critical effect on the whole. Water in its structured form is enclosed in the body in fascial compartments. It helps to provide shock absorption and holds shape of a tissue. The different densities of liquids contribute to their form as either a sol or gel. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Therefore, as we move from liquid state to a denser tissue determines how the tissue reacts. This effect carries on through all tissues from fascia to bone. To begin to understand how these concepts relate to Amatsu and natural movement power we need to gain an understanding and awareness of the natural flow of energy and the forces of nature, both on a tangible and intangible level. In the cycle of precipitation, water falls from the clouds in the form of rain or snow and eventually finds its way back to the sea. Water falls from the sky and flows downhill due to the force of gravity. Once in the sea, water rises in the form of vapour overcoming gravity via evaporation. As it moves, it forms clouds, which are then driven, back over land where the process starts all over again. This cycle involves FU (wind), SUI (water) and the natural forces and energies of gravity and heat. This is a natural example of the interaction of wind and water following the laws of attraction and minimal energy.

When we choose to ignore nature or work against it, the consequences can be both unhealthy and energy consuming. In modernised society, people sit, walk, drive and work in mechanically orientated patterns. Even in sports you see repetitive and biased movement sequences. This leads to many postural and musculo-skeletal strain patterns in the body. Many occupations give rise to repetitive strain injuries that bring pain and incompetence to our bodies. Natural movement strategies are low energy consuming, omni directional, flexible and simple. To come to an understanding of natural movement principles we need to look at available scientific data. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Our role as therapists examining Ampuka (organ ecology) is to identify these restrictions and their anatomical implications. From their organ sites, we can follow lines of tension involvement to come to an understanding of their symptomatic and anatomico-physiological patterns. This helps to understand cause/effect factors and possible postural biases contributing to a given pathology. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Standard methods of evaluating the body were based on Newtonian physics but this model does not fit our upright bipedal movement against gravity. Newtonian physics can measure and calculate the strength of structures and the stresses they become subject to. In the construction of buildings, especially tall structures, gravity plays a big part in their stability. The downward compressive force of gravity holds the structure in place. This works well until you want to add a horizontal structure to the upright one. This horizontal structure adds a shear stress to the building and requires reinforcement. Any additional stresses due to wind or earth tremor complicate the system even further. It’s estimated that if the human frame were constructed according to these rules, the head would be too heavy for the spine to handle. All this before we even begin to move in three-dimensional space. Unfortunately, the body is still reviewed and described in outmoded mechanical anatomical terms. Until the concept of Biotensegrity, the laws describing anatomical movement were according to Newtonian principles. Gravity Creates Stability Shear Stress ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Hi Chi Buko Goshin Jutsu The school of the secret of the opening flower. The secret of the opening flower is the interplay of nature’s forces of compression and tension in a state of equilibrium. The expression of the opening of the flower is the bias of the dynamic power of tension from within and the interplay of compression from without, giving form to the flower. In the coming into being as form, the tension inside the flower overcomes the compression of gravity and external force keeping it as a bud. As with all three dimensional form being part of the Kyu Jutsu cycle of 50/50 balance (a concept of balance between insubstantial and substantial form existing as one entity.) Being in form is the footprint of its past and the precursor of its eventual degeneration. This is the Ko/Ku cycle of birth/death creation and destruction of earthly form.

Victor Schauberger a natural scientist in the 1930’s describes this form from a watery origin as our very metamorphis, the coming into being of form. The form that evolves from the metamorphis of water is built from its liquid prestress intelligence. Biological structures come into form from a liquid or water origin with a prestress intelligence to withstand the stresses of compression and tension. As life on earth, this can manifest as life in air with gravity or underwater depending on its ecological circumstances.

This ease of evolvement in nature follows the concept of doing more with less known as “ephemerialisation”. From these origins, any evolvement can be explained through the science now known as Biotensegrity.

Dr. Stephen Levin’s research in Biotensegrity holds the view that the body is a tensegrity truss system with tension members provided by a matrix of connective tissues, ligaments, muscles, blood vessels, nerves and fascia. In this model, the bones are considered as spacers, not weight bearers along with incompressible fluids giving shape and form to a soft tissue entity. In keeping with this theory of the body being a soft tissue continuum, Hatsumi Sensei demonstrated to us the concept of a one point therapeutic protocol. This was possible because of the principle of Gairon utilising the interconnectedness of all the biological structures of our bodies.

“The continuity or global interconnectedness of the living matrix is essential to the understanding of the body and the role of energetics in health and disease”. Oschman, J. Energy Medicine (P232) He taught us that to apply pressure on one point affected all parts and explained that with the body movement “Tai Jutsu” you were able to follow the torsional directions of vulnerable or damaged tissue. He explained that these points of interaction were known as Kyusho, where change at one point had a critical effect on the whole. Water in its structured form is enclosed in the body in fascial compartments. It helps to provide shock absorption and holds shape of a tissue. The different densities of liquids contribute to their form as either a sol or gel. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Therefore, as we move from liquid state to a denser tissue determines how the tissue reacts. This effect carries on through all tissues from fascia to bone. To begin to understand how these concepts relate to Amatsu and natural movement power we need to gain an understanding and awareness of the natural flow of energy and the forces of nature, both on a tangible and intangible level. In the cycle of precipitation, water falls from the clouds in the form of rain or snow and eventually finds its way back to the sea. Water falls from the sky and flows downhill due to the force of gravity. Once in the sea, water rises in the form of vapour overcoming gravity via evaporation. As it moves, it forms clouds, which are then driven, back over land where the process starts all over again. This cycle involves FU (wind), SUI (water) and the natural forces and energies of gravity and heat. This is a natural example of the interaction of wind and water following the laws of attraction and minimal energy.

When we choose to ignore nature or work against it, the consequences can be both unhealthy and energy consuming. In modernised society, people sit, walk, drive and work in mechanically orientated patterns. Even in sports you see repetitive and biased movement sequences. This leads to many postural and musculo-skeletal strain patterns in the body. Many occupations give rise to repetitive strain injuries that bring pain and incompetence to our bodies. Natural movement strategies are low energy consuming, omni directional, flexible and simple. To come to an understanding of natural movement principles we need to look at available scientific data. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Our role as therapists examining Ampuka (organ ecology) is to identify these restrictions and their anatomical implications. From their organ sites, we can follow lines of tension involvement to come to an understanding of their symptomatic and anatomico-physiological patterns. This helps to understand cause/effect factors and possible postural biases contributing to a given pathology. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Standard methods of evaluating the body were based on Newtonian physics but this model does not fit our upright bipedal movement against gravity. Newtonian physics can measure and calculate the strength of structures and the stresses they become subject to. In the construction of buildings, especially tall structures, gravity plays a big part in their stability. The downward compressive force of gravity holds the structure in place. This works well until you want to add a horizontal structure to the upright one. This horizontal structure adds a shear stress to the building and requires reinforcement. Any additional stresses due to wind or earth tremor complicate the system even further. It’s estimated that if the human frame were constructed according to these rules, the head would be too heavy for the spine to handle. All this before we even begin to move in three-dimensional space. Unfortunately, the body is still reviewed and described in outmoded mechanical anatomical terms. Until the concept of Biotensegrity, the laws describing anatomical movement were according to Newtonian principles. Gravity Creates Stability Shear Stress ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Therefore, as we move from liquid state to a denser tissue determines how the tissue reacts. This effect carries on through all tissues from fascia to bone. To begin to understand how these concepts relate to Amatsu and natural movement power we need to gain an understanding and awareness of the natural flow of energy and the forces of nature, both on a tangible and intangible level. In the cycle of precipitation, water falls from the clouds in the form of rain or snow and eventually finds its way back to the sea. Water falls from the sky and flows downhill due to the force of gravity. Once in the sea, water rises in the form of vapour overcoming gravity via evaporation. As it moves, it forms clouds, which are then driven, back over land where the process starts all over again. This cycle involves FU (wind), SUI (water) and the natural forces and energies of gravity and heat. This is a natural example of the interaction of wind and water following the laws of attraction and minimal energy.

When we choose to ignore nature or work against it, the consequences can be both unhealthy and energy consuming. In modernised society, people sit, walk, drive and work in mechanically orientated patterns. Even in sports you see repetitive and biased movement sequences. This leads to many postural and musculo-skeletal strain patterns in the body. Many occupations give rise to repetitive strain injuries that bring pain and incompetence to our bodies. Natural movement strategies are low energy consuming, omni directional, flexible and simple. To come to an understanding of natural movement principles we need to look at available scientific data. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Our role as therapists examining Ampuka (organ ecology) is to identify these restrictions and their anatomical implications. From their organ sites, we can follow lines of tension involvement to come to an understanding of their symptomatic and anatomico-physiological patterns. This helps to understand cause/effect factors and possible postural biases contributing to a given pathology. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Standard methods of evaluating the body were based on Newtonian physics but this model does not fit our upright bipedal movement against gravity. Newtonian physics can measure and calculate the strength of structures and the stresses they become subject to. In the construction of buildings, especially tall structures, gravity plays a big part in their stability. The downward compressive force of gravity holds the structure in place. This works well until you want to add a horizontal structure to the upright one. This horizontal structure adds a shear stress to the building and requires reinforcement. Any additional stresses due to wind or earth tremor complicate the system even further. It’s estimated that if the human frame were constructed according to these rules, the head would be too heavy for the spine to handle. All this before we even begin to move in three-dimensional space. Unfortunately, the body is still reviewed and described in outmoded mechanical anatomical terms. Until the concept of Biotensegrity, the laws describing anatomical movement were according to Newtonian principles. Gravity Creates Stability Shear Stress ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Our role as therapists examining Ampuka (organ ecology) is to identify these restrictions and their anatomical implications. From their organ sites, we can follow lines of tension involvement to come to an understanding of their symptomatic and anatomico-physiological patterns. This helps to understand cause/effect factors and possible postural biases contributing to a given pathology. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

Standard methods of evaluating the body were based on Newtonian physics but this model does not fit our upright bipedal movement against gravity. Newtonian physics can measure and calculate the strength of structures and the stresses they become subject to. In the construction of buildings, especially tall structures, gravity plays a big part in their stability. The downward compressive force of gravity holds the structure in place. This works well until you want to add a horizontal structure to the upright one. This horizontal structure adds a shear stress to the building and requires reinforcement. Any additional stresses due to wind or earth tremor complicate the system even further. It’s estimated that if the human frame were constructed according to these rules, the head would be too heavy for the spine to handle. All this before we even begin to move in three-dimensional space. Unfortunately, the body is still reviewed and described in outmoded mechanical anatomical terms. Until the concept of Biotensegrity, the laws describing anatomical movement were according to Newtonian principles. Gravity Creates Stability Shear Stress ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

In a tensegrity structure, compression elements float in the interspace of the tension wires. In the body, this would relate to the vertebrae in the spine. Each subsystem (vertebrae, disc and soft tissue) would be a subsystem of the spines meta system, like the beehive analogy. When viewed in this way you can understand their role in balancing tension and compression when stress is applied to the human frame. Extracts from ‘Spine’ state of the Art Reviews Vol , No 2, May 1995, Hanley and Belfast, Philadelphia, Ed Thomas Deman M.D Loads applied to the body distribute their pressure through the network of tension elements to create a balance. Even a pressure load to a small bone will distribute the load through the whole system. A natural movement strategy in tensegrity truss architectural form is the closest explanation of nature’s laws at work in the human frame. Human beings are the only creatures that need to be taught to more naturally. Hatsumi Lectures 1995

This bio tensegrity makes the art of upright walking against gravities compression an effortless act for the human. In Newtonian principles when we walk the meta tarso pharangeal junction is described as a fulcrum for the whole body weight to project itself forward in a step. In a lever system you can only pull down. Muscles when they contract in the body can only pull us downward. Therefore when the small muscles in the feet contract the downward pull generated cannot give enough power for a lever such as the meta tarso pharyngeal joint. This puts a whole new complexion on the natural movement principles that Hatsumi explained to us. Bones floating in a compression, tension network can form into trusses and extend out from the body like a bridge. This makes the body a weight mover not a weight bearer. So in walking and especially when your on one leg, the balanced tension maintains the integrity. “Hatsumi says that you must learn to float in your walk” Hatsumi (2003).

Dr. Stephen Levin in his research of Biotensegrity has studied the pelvis and its ligamentous arrangement and likened it to a spoked wheel. The pelvis remains balanced to forces acting both from above and below with long levers. Even the act of standing on one leg does not compromise this structure of support. Viewed from the front the pelvis can be likened to the same bicycle wheel analogy. Diagrams with kind permission of Dr. Stephen Levin ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

If you imagine the bicycles wheel as being twisted it forms a leminiscate giving rise to the paired innominate bones. The sacrum still in the centre is represented by the hub. The tensegrity across such a structure gives omni directional stability and power. Even the balance of the sacrum between the two iliac bones is supported by soft tissue elements. To liken the pelvis to an arch suggests that the sacrum is fixed like a locking stone in a Roman arch or flying buttress.

Form Fit Force Fit This would require either a form fit or a force fit to secure it in place. Both of these methods require a lot of friction and are not omni directional flexible and low energy systems. The boot mechanism of the sacrum is covered with a slippery surface making form fit or force fit impractical. The sacrum actually hangs in front of the pelvis and the angle would simple fall forward. The tiny movements possible at the boot mechanism articulation also follow a leminiscate pattern and mirror the pelvic analogy to a twisted bicycle wheel. ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

These movements can only be made possible in a tensegrous truss system. Levin. S, (2005). The ligaments and soft tissues are “constructed with soft visceoelastic materials that behave non linearly” Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology Vol 2,3 and 4, 375-388 World Scientific Publishing Co. The difference between a mechanical structure and a human in motion is this nonlinear flexibility of choice in movement. “In Newtonian physics a four dimensional universe is often described as a giant clockworks in three dimensional space manifesting linear processes in time” Power Vs Force D, Hawkins. (2002) In other words, movement of a structure is determined by a concept of causality. One-step sequentially leading to the next in mechanical formation. The human frame is not ruled by this concept and is capable of nondeterministic, omni directional change inside of movements. This is like changing the formation of a step when you realise you are going to trip In the mechanical structure, movement can be created by a cogged mechanism. With cogs of different sizes and working at different speeds, movement can be created to drive machines. For example, smaller cogs influencing larger wheels can drive a windmill. In any system like this, there is a critical point where a small force exerted on one of the cogs could exert the greatest effect on all the cogs. In the human biological frame these critical points also exist, how many of us have tripped over a stone? One critical point can affect the whole of our mechanism Critical Point Even a toothpick could grind the mechanism to a halt ©Copyright Dennis Bartram November 2004 Updated April 2005

because of the interconnectedness of our tensegrity members in the soft tissues of the body. In the human body, there are many anatomical vulnerable sites where a small force can exert considerable damage, even death. In budo warrior craft, these points were studied to gain victory in a fight situation. Even when a person wears armour, vulnerable places are left exposed at the expense of movement. Hatsumi teaches the vulnerability of these critical points in the body in his lessons on Budo. In Japanese, they are called Kyusho and the Kanji or Japanese ideogram for the word critical is interpreted as meaning danger or opportunity. In the medicine Hatsumi taught us, he demonstrated the potential opportunity for these Kyusho to bring about wellness in the body. By observing motion of a person as they walk he can determine which tensegrity lines of the soft tissues are compromised. On evaluation, our Orthopaedic tests and muscle tests verify these findings in a clinical setting. By applying, a pressure to the compromised Kyusho with an omni directional flexibility that is delivered by his bodies Tai Jutsu, (Natural Movement) he releases the critical point. This pressure does not act locally on the tissue or follow a specific anatomical route along muscles or fascia. It follows to the depth of the tissue change and can act in a non-linear dynamic way that matches the tension/compression changes to the damaged tissue. This is brought about by the ability to palpate deeply into tissue without force feedback being a resistant force.

Scientific research by Oshman, J. in 1990 has shown that pressure applied to tissue can affect the viscosity turning a sol back to gel. This has the effect of reducing a restriction to a moveable structure instantly. Hatsu